Gulf Coast Racing, LLC v. Horseracing Integrity and Safety Authority, Inc.

Issue: (1) Whether Congress can empower a purportedly private nonprofit entity to regulate an entire industry nationwide through rulemaking, adjudication and enforcement powers, and therefore to exercise significant authority pursuant to the laws of the United States, without proper appointments under the appointments clause of the Constitution; and (2) whether statutorily empowering a private nonprofit corporation to regulate an entire industry nationwide through rulemaking, adjudication and enforcement violates the private nondelegation doctrine.